Zhiyi was then in deep meditation on Yuquan Hill (玉泉山) when he was distracted by Guan Yu's presence. He was subsequently captured in an ambush by Sun Quan's forces and executed.[2]. Today, Guan Yu is still widely worshipped by the Chinese; he may be worshipped in Martial temples and Wen Wu temples, and small shrines devoted to him are also found in homes, businesses and fraternal organisations. Guan Yu appears in Chinese operas such as Huarong Trail, Red Cliffs, and other excerpts from Romance of the Three Kingdoms. During the Battle of Yiling, Guan Yu's son Guan Xing kills Pan Zhang when the latter is stunned by a vision of Guan Yu's spirit. I will leave eventually, so maybe you can help me convey my message to Lord Cao." Au Japon, il est connu sous le nom de Kan'u Unchō, en Corée, sous le nom de Gwanu Unjang, et au Viêt Nam, sous celui de Quan Vũ Vân Trường. He told Zhang Liao, "Why don't you make use of your friendship with Guan Yu to find out what he wants?" I cannot break my oath. From all over the East, worshippers came to the shrine and burned incense to honor him. Il nomme Guan Yu grand administrateur de Xiangyang, et dang kou jiangjun (荡寇将军), « général qui extermine les criminels ») et lui ordonne de se poster en garnison à Jiangbei. He told his son Guan Ping, "I am growing weaker this year. Today, Taoist practices are predominant in Guan Yu worship. [Sanguozhi zhu 8], By the time Guan Yu retreated from Fancheng, Sun Quan's forces had occupied Jiangling and captured the families of Guan Yu's soldiers. 6:45. "[Sanguozhi zhu 6], Although Guan Yu defeated and captured Yu Jin at Fancheng, his army found itself lacking food supplies, so he seized grain from one of Sun Quan's granaries at Xiang Pass (湘關). During the escape, Guan Yu is injured by an archer. He is fierce and mighty, and a hero of his time. Guan Yu had two known sons – Guan Ping and Guan Xing. He scolded the messenger, "You raccoon dogs dare to behave like this! Sun Quan was enraged. ». Le clan de Guan Yu est entièrement exterminé en 263, lorsque le Wei envahit le Shu, par Pang Hui, le fils de Pang De, car il voulait venger la mort de son père, exécuté par Guan Yu. He was widely popularized by the Chinese historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Guan Yu’s messages were received by mediums through spirit writing, later called Fuji (planchette writing) (扶乩/扶箕), since the late 17th century. Yuan Shao envoie un de ses généraux, Yan Liang, pour attaquer Liu Yan, l’administrateur de la préfecture de Dongjun. Guan Yu played a significant role in the events leading up to the end of the Han dynasty and the establishment of Liu Bei's state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Cao sent 5,000 elite cavalry to pursue Liu Bei's group and they caught up with them at Changban, where the Battle of Changban broke out. As a man, Guan Yu was the embodiment of loyalty, honor, and strength. Emperor Huizong then bestowed upon Guan Yu the title "Immortal of Chongning" (崇寧真君; Chóngníng Zhēnjūn), formally introducing the latter as a deity into Taoism. His face had a dark red hue to it, like the colour of dark jujube fruit. [Sanguozhi 15] The Shu Ji recorded an incident about Xu Huang encountering Guan Yu on the battlefield. Pei Songzhi commented on the Shu Ji account as follows: When Liu Bei, Dong Cheng and others plotted against Cao Cao, their plan failed because it was leaked out. Guan Yu reunited with Liu Bei around this time. In the ancient times of the East, a great war between Three Kingdoms raged. Another reason is related to the release of Cao Cao during the Huarong Trail incident, in which he let Cao and his men pass through safely. [Sanguozhi 7] The Fu Zi gave a slightly different account of this incident. Son âme ira néanmoins se venger de Lü Meng, le stratège qui avait causé sa perte. Guan Yu and Guan Ping were later executed by Sun Quan's forces in Linju (臨沮; in present-day Nanzhang County, Hubei). the Temple of the Deity of War), or Temple of Kwan Tai, built in 1852, is a typical example of the small shrines erected to Guan Yu in the United States. Cao Cao made a mistake when he refused to kill Guan Yu and landed himself in deep trouble. Liu Bei’s early military ventures did not go well. Cependant, toute personne ayant une certaine culture se fabriquait en devenant adulte un alias à partir de son deuxième idéogramme (le, Religions populaires : Les multiples cultes vivants de Guandi, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guan_Yu&oldid=174777886, Article manquant de références depuis janvier 2013, Article manquant de références/Liste complète, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Portail:Biographie/Articles liés/Militaire, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. During the last decade of the 16th century, Guan Yu was also credited with the repulse of Japanese invasion of Korea by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei both had the style of a guoshi[k] Guan Yu repaid Cao Cao's kindness while Zhang Fei released Yan Yan out of righteousness. While his beard was mentioned in the Records of Three Kingdoms, the idea of his red face may have derived from a later description of him in Chapter One of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, where the following passage appears: 1. Guan Di (關帝, Lord Guan) is the title given to General Guan Yu who was active during the Three Kingdoms Era of China. He appointed Guan Yu as General of the Vanguard (前將軍) and bestowed upon him a ceremonial axe. Guan Yu was unhappy that Sun Quan's offer came late because he had already captured Yu Jin by then. Guan Yu is also worshipped as a door god in Chinese and Taoist temples, with portraits of him being pasted on doors to ward off evil spirits, usually in pairings with Zhang Fei, Guan Ping, Guan Sheng or Zhou Cang. Il porte à l'époque le prénom usuel de Changsheng (traditionnel : 長生, simplifié : 长生). Ceux-ci étaient responsables du rationnement des armées mais s’étaient tenu à l’écart des batailles et Guan Yu jure de les « discipliner à son retour ». Some alternative texts used in the annotations to Guan Yu's biography include: Shu Ji (Records of Shu), by Wang Yin; Wei Shu (Book of Wei), by Wang Chen, Xun Yi and Ruan Ji; Jiang Biao Zhuan, by Yu Pu; Fu Zi, by Fu Xuan; Dianlue, by Yu Huan; Wu Li (History of Wu), by Hu Chong; and Chronicles of Huayang, by Chang Qu. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. The aspect of Guan Yu itself also has built-in healing effects that you can use to your advantage if you know how. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei both had the style of a guoshi. Statues and tapestry images of the god can be found in a number of historical California joss houses (a local term for Chinese folk religion temples), where his name may be given with various Anglicised spellings, including: Kwan Dai, Kwan Tai or Kuan Ti for Guandi (Emperor Guan); Kuan Kung for Guan Gong (Lord Guan), Wu Ti or Mo Dai for Wu Di (War Deity), Kuan Yu, Kwan Yu, or Quan Yu for Guan Yu. Browse more videos. ». As a man, Guan Yu was the embodiment of loyalty, honor, and strength. 3:30. And his reputation throughout ancient China led to him being deified after his death. [notes 7] Most of Guan Yu's soldiers lost their fighting spirit and deserted and went back to Jing Province to reunite with their families. It was in autumn and there were heavy showers so the Han River overflowed. Both sides then withdrew their forces. Films which make references to Guan Yu include: Stephen Chow's comedy film From Beijing with Love (1994), which, in one scene, refers to the story of Hua Tuo performing surgery on Guan Yu's arm; Zhang Yimou's Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles (2005), in which the fictional story of Guan Yu slaying six generals and crossing five passes forms a major part of the narrative; the horror comedy film My Name Is Bruce (2007), where Guan Yu's vengeful spirit is accidentally set free by a group of teenagers and he begins to terrorise their town. [Sanguozhi others 8] Gan Ning, one of Lü Meng's subordinates, managed to deter Guan Yu from crossing the shallows near Yiyang. Il a été divinisé quelques siècles après sa mort sous le nom de Guanshengdijun (關聖帝君) ou Guandi, « Saint empereur Guan ». Although the wound healed, he still experienced pain in the bone whenever there was a heavy downpour. Guan Yu is a real prominent historical figure during the period of the 3 kingdoms. Taoist worship of Guan Yu began during the Song dynasty. After Liu Bei gained control of Yi Province in 214, Guan Yu remained in Jing Province to govern and defend the area for about seven years. Yu Jin surrendered to Guan Yu while his subordinate Pang De refused and was executed by Guan Yu. Le médecin lui dit : Guan Yu tendit immédiatement son bras, et pendant l’opération, mangea, but, et rit en compagnie de ses collègues tandis que le sang coulait dans un petit bassinet. Comprenant les paroles du moine, Guan Yu atteint l’illumination et devint bodhisattva. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 16 septembre 2020 à 21:12. Or dans le roman, Guan Yu devient le 2e frère de la bande, cédant la place d’aîné à Liu Bei. During the Song Dynasty, Emperor Huizong bestowed upon Guan Yu the title of "Duke Zhonghui" (忠惠公), and later the title of a prince. The hunting expedition event happened in the past, so it was used to justify that Guan Yu had given Liu Bei "valued advice", which the latter ignored. Grâce à ses succès militaires, Liu Bei est nommé préfet du district de Pingyuan. Il devient ainsi un héros qui extermine les tyrans, quitte à se mettre sur le dos les autorités. On le représente traditionnellement comme un géant à face rouge (symbolisant la loyauté et la droiture) avec une très longue barbe et portant un guandao (une arme d’hast à hampe moyenne de l’époque des Song) qui pesait, selon la légende, plus de 80 jins (environ 40 kg). Cette condition pose peu de problèmes à Cao Cao, pour qui il ne s’agit après tout que de la même chose ; les deux femmes de Liu Bei ne seraient pas déshonorées, mais traitées avec tout le respect qui leur est dû et nourries et logées convenablement. Cao Cao's army defeated Liu Bei, and Guan Yu was captured while holding Cao Cao's forces off. This was not something uncommon. Cao Cao doit battre en retraite tandis que Liu Bei récupère une bonne partie du Jiangnan, distribuant des récompenses aux plus méritants. Normally calm and benign, he should stands with an air of noble dignity and has respectful manners. Sun Quan envoie à Cao Cao la tête de Guan Yu tandis qu’il prépare des funérailles honorables pour le reste du corps. If Heaven still helps those who are righteous, it might be possible that this may turn out to be a blessing in disguise! When Sun Quan later attacked Guan Yu, he dispatched his forces secretly, as mentioned in Lü Meng's biography: '[...] elite soldiers hid in vessels disguised as civilian and merchant ships.' Zhuge Liang lui répond : Guan Yu était en effet doté de ce que la chronique a retenu comme étant une « magnifique barbe », et le fait que Zhuge Liang faisait référence à lui était donc évident. Eventually, he lands a place in Dong Han Academy (東漢書院) with help from his sworn brother, Liu Bei. His hometown Yuncheng has also named its airport after him. Réputé de son vivant guerrier invincible, il a été capturé et exécuté, avec son fils Guan Ping par les troupes de Sun Quan, par Lu Meng lors du siège de Fan. He is known for fighting around the world of martial artists alongside his best friend, Zhang Fei, whom he has attended twenty-four schools with (only because they always got kicked out for starting fights). 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